Ukraine is one of the largest countries in Europe. It has its own indigenous culture, rich traditions and unique nature, dating back more than 1500 years. The country is located in the southeastern part of Europe, and has common land borders with Belarus in the north, Poland in the west, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Moldova in the southwest, and Russia in the east. Southern Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.
The national symbols of Ukraine are the state emblem, the state flag, the national anthem, and their popular symbols include rushnyk (embroidered or woven towel), pysanka (easter egg decorated with traditional folk designs), vyshyvanka (embroidered shirt), which are charm symbols of the Ukrainian people.
Ukraine is a multinational country and home to 134 national minorities, Catholic and Protestant churches, a synagogue, a mosque, prayer houses for many other religious denominations, schools with in-depth studies of national cultures, etc.
Ukrainian cities often host festivals of different cultures (Indian, Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, etc.).
Ukraine is not only a major industrial region in Eastern Europe, but also a strong scientific and educational center. Science in Ukraine got a big boost in the nineteenth century, when the universities of Kharkiv (1804), Kiev (1834) and Odessa (1865) were established and became science centers in Ukraine, with the participation of foreign scholars and scholars in teaching there, which led to the establishment of scientific schools High ranking in the country. The decisive factor in the development of Ukrainian science was the establishment of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (Ukrainian NAS) in 1918 followed by the creation of a number of scientific institutions within it. Today, there are about 17,337 public educational institutions, 361 higher education institutions, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine consists of 78 research bodies, 19 committees, 16 committees, and 24 research societies operating in Ukraine, and their international scientific cooperation is carried out under 122 agreements Effective signed by the Ukrainian NAS with academies, state institutions, scientific organizations and educational institutions in nearly 50 countries in the world. The scientific achievements of the Ukrainians are of global importance: they were the first to invent a helicopter (I. Skorsky), a kerosene lamp (I. Łukasiewicz and J. Zech), the first Earth satellite (S. Korolev), a telescope (J. Timchenko) to perform Atomic fission and much more. Scientific organizations and educational institutions for nearly 50 countries in the world. The scientific achievements of the Ukrainians are of global importance: they were the first to invent a helicopter (I. Skorsky), a kerosene lamp (I. Łukasiewicz and J. Zech), the first Earth satellite (S. Korolev), a telescope (J. Timchenko) to perform Atomic fission and much more. Scientific organizations and educational institutions for nearly 50 countries in the world. The scientific achievements of the Ukrainians are of global importance: they were the first to invent a helicopter (I. Skorsky), a kerosene lamp (I. Łukasiewicz and J. Zech), the first Earth satellite (S. Korolev), a telescope (J. Timchenko) to perform Atomic fission and much more.
QS World University 2018 rankings include six Ukrainian higher education institutions. Many higher education institutions implement dual degree programs, which enable students to combine the best elements of national and foreign education, as well as academic exchange programs, internships, scholarships, etc.
Ukraine has a strong and comprehensive transportation infrastructure: there are seven international airports that guarantee domestic and international flights in various directions, railway stations and bus stations that provide internal and external transport; A marine passenger terminal in Odessa (a large commercial port of international importance and one of the largest passenger terminals in Europe), metro networks (underground rail transport) operating in three cities, land transport (trams, trolley buses, buses, taxis, taxi services It operates in all cities.
Ukraine is a country rich in history and culture, with each era leaving its mark: the architectural group combines ancient Russian churches, fortresses, European Renaissance castles, monuments of the Baroque Cossacks, Russian and Polish classics, and structures and buildings executed in a selective, modern and constructive manner. Some architectural monuments are on the UNESCO World Heritage List: the Kiev Saint Sophia Cathedral and Kiev Pechersk Lavra, the Lviv Historical Center Collection, Struv geodesic points, the primitive beech forests of the Carpathians, the Bukovinyan and Dalmatia Metropolitan Residence, the ancient city of Tauric Chersonese and Chora, and the wooden Tserkvas (Churches) in the Carpathians.
Besides rich and ancient architecture, Ukraine is famous for its picturesque nature: numerous Black Sea and Azov resorts, unique biosphere reserves (Askaniia-Nova in Kherson Oblast), and impressive skiing centers in the Carpathian Mountains, which have already become world-class entertainment centers (Bukovel, Draube). Gardens (Sovievka National Arboretum in Uman, Oleksandria Arboretum in Bella Tserkva). The most famous natural attractions in the country are Lake Svetiyaz (Volyn Oblast), Lake Senevir (Zakarpattia Oblast), Narcisi Valley (Transcarpathian Oblast) and the Danube Biosphere Reserve (Odessa Oblast).
Ukrainian culture, original and unique, occupies a prominent place in the global cultural space. Throughout the long periods of its history, it has evolved as a popular culture, much of which belongs to the popular traditions that complement it with special charm and coloration. This is especially evident in art, popular ideas, arts and crafts. In order to preserve and continue the traditions, Ukraine owes the rise of Ukrainian culture in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and cultural revival in the nineteenth century. Speakers of the Ukrainian spirit were poets and writers T. Shevchenko, I. Franco, Lesia Ukrainka and M. Ukraine is the birthplace of famous artists such as I. Repin, S. Vasylkivsky, A. Kuindzhi, I. Trush, M. Boichuk and others.
Each region of Ukraine has its own traditions and rituals. In particular, architecture and art in western Ukraine have a significant Polish and Austrian influence; The rituals of everyday life and the daily life of Htolus, Limkos, Pecos and other ethnic groups have their own color. Each ethnic group has its own melody, its ritual method, and its embroidery technique. A special place in the life of Ukrainians, regardless of their location, belongs to holidays such as New Year, Christmas, Easter, Masnytsia (Maslenitsa, or Crepe Week). These are the days when all national traditions of Ukraine are especially respected.
